• br Acknowledgements br Introduction The angiogenic ocular co

  2024-12-13

  

  Acknowledgements Introduction The angiogenic ocular conditions represent the most common cause of blindness in developed countries [1]. It can affect all ages, for example, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in infants [2], [3], diabetic retinopathy (DR) [4] in working age adults and age-related

• br The lipoxygenase pathway and

  2024-12-12

  

  The 12/15-lipoxygenase pathway and microvascular complications of diabetes The 12/15-lipoxygenase pathway in adipose tissue Only recently has adipose tissue been recognized as a highly metabolically active endocrine organ imparting profound local and systemic inflammatory effects. Adipose tiss

• The metabolism of amino acids into volatile aldehydes involv

  2024-12-12

  

  The metabolism of amino acids into volatile aldehydes involves both decarboxylation and deamination steps. The order of these reactions and the enzymes performing the catalysis differ among plants [13]. In tomato fruit the conversion of L-Phe to 2-phenylethanal is catalyzed by two enzymatic steps, i

• br Results br Discussion By using an unbiased proteomic scre

  2024-12-12

  

  Results Discussion By using an unbiased proteomic screen for xCT binding partners, followed by functional validation, we have made the surprising discovery that mTORC2 regulates amino GDC-0834 metabolism in tumor cells by phosphorylating serine 26 of the cystine-glutamate antiporter xCT on it

• tipiracil At the organismal level skeletal muscle lung and

  2024-12-12

  

  At the organismal level, skeletal muscle, lung and adipose tissues mediate net de novo synthesis and release of glutamine, whereas net glutamine catabolism occurs in the kidney [7]. The liver exhibits net glutamine consumption coupled to urea production in the post-absorptive state, and net glutamin

• Alectinib is a second generation

  2024-12-12

  

  Alectinib is a second generation ALK antagonist that is built upon a 9-ethyl-6, 6-dimethyl-11-oxo benzo[b]carbazole scaffold (Fig. 5C) [58]. This drug is effective against the ALK L1196M gatekeeper mutation along with C1156Y and F1174L mutations [7]. The 11-oxo group of the drug forms a Dorsomorphin

• Mass spectrometry MS analysis and selective enrichment metho

  2024-12-12

  

  Mass spectrometry (MS) analysis and selective enrichment methods of phosphorylated proteins are powerful tools that can help address these challenges. Recent advances in MS have made it possible to analyze signaling pathways by facilitating high-throughput identification of phosphorylation sites wit

• The importance of insulin in controlling lipolysis and

  2024-12-12

  

  The importance of insulin in controlling lipolysis and fat mass is further emphasized by mouse models with alterations in the insulin signaling pathway of adipocytes. For example, mice with a tamoxifen-inducible knockout of the insulin receptor in mature adipocytes reveal a substantial decrease of a

• Encouraged by this observation a

  2024-12-12

  

  Encouraged by this observation, a systematic SAR study on the A ring -alkoxy was conducted as summarized in . The A ring methoxy-containing KRCA-0008 was proven an optimal substituent in terms of potency after all and its bigger size derivatives were detrimental in both biochemical and H3122 cellula

• Brain damage diseases such as

  2024-12-12

  

  Brain damage diseases, such as cerebral ischemia, brain trauma and infection are characterized by the increase in oxygen free radicals. Therefore, deeper understanding of the character and mechanism of free radical damage in the brain is important to ultimately relieve diseases and promote recovery

• streptozocin On the contrary evidence also suggests

  2024-12-12

  

  On the contrary, evidence also suggests that autophagy plays a striking protective role in cancer cells. Highly burgeoning cancer streptozocin require cellular building blocks for their metabolism and energy production. At this stage of cancer development, autophagy acts as a friend providing all t

• Another topic for research will be the combination

  2024-12-12

  

  Another topic for research will be the combination of other cytotoxic agents with Aurora kinase inhibitors. Particularly interesting might be the combination of Aurora kinase inhibitors and agents that depend on the spindle checkpoint for their activity, such as the taxanes, given the importance of

• br Acknowledgment br Introduction The

  2024-12-12

  

  Acknowledgment Introduction The yeast Cdc48 ATPase and its metazoan ortholog p97 (or VCP) are critical components of many ubiquitin-dependent cellular pathways that require the segregation of individual proteins from binding partners or membranes (for review, see Buchberger, 2013, Meyer and We

• br Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma HCC is an

  2024-12-11

  

  Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive and malignant cancer detected in clinical practice, as it is the third key reason of tumor-related deaths worldwide, with > 800, 000 mortalities every year (Torre et al., 2015). Current treatments for HCC are surgical therapy, liver tra

• Introduction It has long been recognized that

  2024-12-11

  

  Introduction It has long been recognized that angiogenesis is critical to the growth, progression, and metastasis of many solid tumor types [1], and thus, drugs targeting the angiogenic pathway have been a topic of clinical investigation in the oncology community for many years. Angiogenesis is reg

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