• The role of Epac in the regulation of intracellular Ca

  2021-08-17

  

  The role of Epac in the regulation of intracellular Ca homeostasis and contractility is still matter of debate. In rat adult cardiomyocytes, acute Epac stimulation decreased the amplitude of Ca transients [6], [9], [10] with either no changes [6] or increments [9] in cell shortening, suggesting an e

• Here two labs that helped characterize these two pathways

  2021-08-17

  

  Here, two labs that helped characterize these two pathways have worked together to further test whether these apparently parallel pathways from β-AR to CaMKII-RyR might be related in series. Much of the work leading to the Epac pathway involved measurement of Ca sparks as an index of SR Ca leak, oft

• Methods br Results First we compared A plaque

  2021-08-17

  

  Methods Results First, we compared Aβ plaque number, Aβ concentration, and neurobehavior functions between naive APP/PS1 and APP/PS1xEP1−/− mice. Significantly lower Aβ burden in APP/PS1xEP1−/− mice was evidenced by fewer plaques in the hippocampal area and a lower concentration of soluble Aβ42

• TgTCEA from petals TgTCEA and TgTCEB from pollen grains TgTC

  2021-08-17

  

  TgTCEA from petals (TgTCEA1) and TgTCEB from pollen grains (TgTCEB1) were used throughout the study. The recombinant enzymes were expressed in , and purified as the His-tag-free forms as described previously., Enzyme reactions were performed at 4 mM substrates under the same conditions as described

• br Introduction Hydrogen sulfide H S and nitric

  2021-08-17

  

  Introduction Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and nitric oxide (NO) are important gasotransmitters in the cardiovascular system and instrumental to the fine control of vascular tone [1] and cellular function [2]. NO is synthesized from l-arginine by calmodulin-dependent endothelial nitric oxide synthase (e

• (R)-PFI 2 hydrochloride Host cell invasion by tachyzoites re

  2021-08-17

  

  Host cell invasion by tachyzoites relies on the secretion of numerous secretory proteins and plays a crucial role in maintaining infection [6]. ESA released by tachyzoites are highly immunogenic and induce either antibody-dependent or cell-mediated protective immunity [11], [44], [45]. To investigat

• A cocktail approach can detect the activities

  2021-08-17

  

  A cocktail approach can detect the activities of multiple CYP 450 isoforms following administration of multiple CYP-specific substrates in a single experiment. Caffeine, losartan, omeprazole, dextromethorphan and midazolam are often used as substrates in “cocktail probes” of human cytochrome CYP1A2,

• The small intestine in addition to

  2021-08-17

  

  The small intestine, in addition to its primary role of absorption, has the ability to metabolize drugs and other xenobiotics through phase 1 and phase 11 metabolisms [25] since almost all the cytochrome P450 Busulfan present in the liver are also present in the small intestine although, in lower c

• E ubiquitin ligases are key players in

  2021-08-17

  

  E3 ubiquitin ligases are key players in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway because they catalyse ubiquitination of substrate proteins.39, 40, 41 As important regulators of cellular ubiquitination, E3 ligases are emerging as attractive drug targets, particularly in cancer.42, 43, 44 However, E3 ligases

• br Materials and methods br Results

  2021-08-17

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Conflict of interest Introduction Dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DβH) deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the congenital absence of DβH, the enzyme converting dopamine to noradrenaline in sympathetic nerve terminals and

• DGK negatively regulated the extension of long axon

  2021-08-16

  

  DGKδ negatively regulated the extension of long axon/neurite (Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6). The results strongly suggest that deficiency of DGKδ induces OCD-like behavior by enhancing axon/neurite outgrowth. DGKδ positively regulates growth factor signaling (Crotty et al., 2006). Therefore, DGKδ deficien

• The phenotypes of KD Ddr transgenic mice were less

  2021-08-16

  

  The phenotypes of KD-Ddr2 transgenic mice were less severe than expected from the results of miDdr2-transfected ATDC5 cells, which indicated that DDR2 might play important roles in endochondral ossification but neither critical nor essential roles in determining total body and skeleton size. The gr

• Proteolysis by CPs is crucially important for cereal

  2021-08-16

  

  Proteolysis by CPs is crucially important for cereal seed development and germination. However, these enzymes must be tightly controlled. Pre-harvest sprouting is a phenomenon in which the control of CPs is disrupted. This disruption manifests in the premature synthesis and activation of CPs, leadin

• In addition to an action via P Y receptors

  2021-08-16

  

  In addition to an action via P2Y receptors, extracellular UDP activates GPCRs for cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLT1, CysLT2; Mellor et al., 2001, 2003). GPR17 has been reported to function as a receptor for cysteinyl leukotrienes and uracil nucleotides (Boda et al., 2011; Fumagalli et al., 2011; but se

• br Advantages of modified proteins over unmodified

  2021-08-16

  

  Advantages of modified proteins over unmodified ones In contrast to small-molecule drugs, proteins are readily amenable to site-specific alterations through genetic engineering. In principle, therefore, it is possible to build in features that allow them to remain active for longer in the body an

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