• Injurious effects of cigarette smoke CS on human

  2020-04-29

  

  Injurious effects of cigarette smoke (CS) on human health are progressively being acknowledged both in animal and human studies. CS is a highly complex mixture that contains substantive amounts of toxic oxidants, nitric oxide, organic compounds, free radicals and microbial cell components including

• apelin We thank Dr Hongqiang Qin at Dalian

  2020-04-29

  

  We thank Dr. Hongqiang Qin at Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences for technical assistance in mass-spectrometric analysis. We thank Prof. Quentin Liu at Dalian Medical University and Prof. Qiang Shen at M.D. Anderson Cancer Center for helpful discussion and comments. Dr

• Although several genomic technologies including the generati

  2020-04-29

  

  Although several genomic technologies, including the generation of ERRγ-specific knockout mice, have revealed that ERRγ plays a pivotal role in cellular bioenergetics [1], its involvement in other metabolic pathways has been appreciated only recently. Therefore, we highlight recent findings on the r

• br Materials and methods br Results br

  2020-04-29

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion In particular, we showed that pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor freedom recognize cAMP as a stimulatory signal for cell proliferation. Conversely, cAMP was found to have an inhibitory effect on cell proliferation in bronchial carcinoids cells. The div

• The discoidin domain receptors DDR

  2020-04-29

  

  The discoidin domain receptors, DDR1 and DDR2, are receptor tyrosine kinases that are activated by different types of collagen (Shrivastava et al., 1997, Vogel et al., 1997). Both receptors interact with a number of fibrillar collagens, and DDR1, but not DDR2, is also activated by the network-formin

• By stratifying EOC cell lines

  2020-04-29

  

  By stratifying EOC cell lines according to their EMT stages, we observed a significant higher expression of DDR1 in the epithelial-like cell lines compared to low or undetectable DDR1 in mesenchymal-like cell lines. Similar trend was observed in the tumour samples, with the lowest expression of DDR1

• The role of DDR in glomerular injury has

  2020-04-29

  

  The role of DDR1 in glomerular injury has been then further studied by the Chatziantoniou group in experimentally-induced crescentic glomerulonephritis, by injection of alloimmune sheep nephrotoxic serum (NTS) [54]. Glomerulonephritis produced a 17-fold increase of DDR1 expression, predominantly in

• In addition to an action

  2020-04-29

  

  In addition to an action via P2Y receptors, extracellular UDP activates GPCRs for cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLT1, CysLT2; Mellor et al., 2001, 2003). GPR17 has been reported to function as a receptor for cysteinyl leukotrienes and uracil nucleotides (Boda et al., 2011; Fumagalli et al., 2011; but se

• Through the process of alternative splicing the IKZF gene

  2020-04-29

  

  Through the process of alternative splicing, the IKZF1 gene is capable of encoding a large number of Ikaros isoforms (Molnar et al., 1996). Some of these isoforms were shown to have distinct functions (Li et al., 2011, Ronni et al., 2007). Ikaros protein contains four zinc fingers at the N-terminus

• A widely accepted mechanism to differentiate

  2020-04-29

  

  A widely accepted mechanism to differentiate hESCs into cardiomyocytes is through perturbation of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Initial Wnt activation is required to form the VKGILS-NH2 australia [3]. Thereafter, it is believed that inhibition of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway is pivota

• We consider the following perturbation of problem

  2020-04-29

  

  We consider the following perturbation of problem (2):where ∊>0 is an identity element. For a given ∊, we solve problem (3) to get the solution (x, y, λ). As ∊ decreases slowly toward 0, the optimum of F follows to the global optimum of F0. This set of constraint conditions is called the central pat

• Prostaglandins production and some of their possible biologi

  2020-04-28

  

  Prostaglandins production and some of their possible biological functions have been reported in protozoa, helminths, and fungi organisms, for example amphizoic amoebas of the genus Acanthamoeba and Entamoeba (E. histolytica) produce PGA2, PGE2 and PGF2α [5,6]. PGA2 is believed to be an intrinsic osm

• DGK deficiency caused a significant increase in the SERT pro

  2020-04-28

  

  DGKδ deficiency caused a significant increase in the SERT protein level, but its mRNA level was not affected (Fig. 1). These results suggest that SERT protein stability is directly reduced by interaction with the DGKδ protein. In contrast, DGKδ deficiency regulated both TPH-2 and MAO-A protein and m

• Primidone Several reports by us and

  2020-04-28

  

  Several reports by us and others have highlighted that dimerization or oligomerization of DDR1 ECD and DDR2 ECD enhances their binding to triple-helical collagen.18, 19, 22, 28, 29, 30, 31 The ECD of DDRs consists of a discoidin domain and a stalk region. It has been reported that independent Primid

• In order to evaluate the in vivo pharmacology associated

  2020-04-28

  

  In order to evaluate the in vivo pharmacology associated with EP receptor antagonism, we wished to discover antagonists presenting a higher degree of selectivity over the other prostanoid receptors. We also wanted to increase the brain–blood ratio since it is probable that centrally mediated EP agon

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